Wednesday, 13 January 2016

Internship Report Template for Social Sciences Students



Internship Report

Institute: (XYZ)








Submitted by: ABC



Introduction
This reportentails the work and tasks that I was entrusted with during my internship at Adult Basic Education Society (ABES). ABES is a Non-Governmental, Non-Profit and Non-Sectarian organization that has been involved in enhancing the quality of education in Pakistan, through grassroots-centered initiatives in the realms of Adult Literacy and Primary Schooling since 1971. During my internship, I was appointed under supervision of the Program Coordinator - ABES, Mrs.Neelofer Asif. This report shall begin by specifying and explaining the profile of the organization and working of ABES over the years. The report shall then discuss the tasks and duties commenced and completed by me during this internship.I shall than go on to compare and contrast the practical side of the Development Sector with the academic teachings and theory studied during the course of the Development Studies Degree.
Profile of ABES
Adult Basic Education Society (ABES) was established in 1971. It has been registered with the Government under the Societies Registration Act 1860 and with the Central Board of Revenue, Islamabad as a non-profit organization. ABES, a non-sectarian organization, operating under supervision of an autonomous Board of Directors, is working for the education revivalism in the lives of adult girls and boys and for the well-being of the people in Pakistan without any discernment of race, religion, caste or creed.
As part of its all-inclusive approach towards attaining its quantitative as well as qualitative educational objectives, it has taken a “life cycle” methodology towards child development which does not disregard especially the empowerment of women through purposefulunderstanding and constructing the community as avigorous partner to the overall accomplishment of elementary education objectives. Hence, the aims and purposes of ABES, as articulated in its Constitution and designed for welfare of all the people in Pakistan, are:
a)      To promote Adult Education in Pakistan through implementation of pilot projects for illiterates and neo-literates, in basic literacy and functional subjects including employable skills to facilitate the participants in their ability to perform as useful and self-reliant citizen of Pakistan.
b)      To promote socio-economic uplift of individuals under-privileged/excluded community groups with emphasis on advocacy, health and hygiene, livelihood, protection and disaster risk reduction.
c)      To develop innovative methods, teaching materials and literature for adult education, formal and non-formal primary education incorporating aspects of quality education with a rights basic approach.
d)     All programs would be designed and implemented within the ambit of cross cutting principles of values, accountability, impartiality, gender, children, environment, sustainability, parents and community participation.
e)      To train, upgrade knowledge and skills of trainers, supervisors, senior management and persons engaged in leadership of adult and primary education and community development activities.
f)       To carry out research in all significant thematic areas of organization comprising of adult, formaland non-formal education and to evaluate projects for further improvement and effectiveness.
ABES-Teacher Empowerment Centre (ABES-TEC) was instituted in 1993 in Rawalpindi, working for the elevation of quality education in government and community schools. It is about the education awareness and the need for refining the standard of teachers by providing quality in formal and non-formal primary education in Pakistan. It has immense experience in project planning, field implementation, monitoring, capacity building, and materials development related to Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) and adult literacy. This foundation is presently working in the cities of Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Lahore, Sargodha and Rawalpindi. Presently this institution has been on the move with the two key educational projects for the nation. One is the ‘Non formal Education for Girls’ in the district of Gujranwala and second is the ‘Multi Grade Teaching Training’ in the Rawalpindi division.
This organization has been operational in Pakistan for a reasonably long time and it has certainly made an efficacious and prevalent stand in the society for growing the education awareness in such districts where the education percentage was considerably low and minimum.

Major Activities/Tasks Undertaken:
My internship initiatedon the 6th of January, 2014 and terminated on the 3rd of March, 2014. During my 8 weeks as an internee at ABES, I was given insight to the functioning of ABES and its various projects all over Pakistan. This was inclusive of the orientation of ABES’s chief activities and the duties I will be entrusted with during the internship. The orientation helped me become more familiar with the vast experience ABES had in the field of development including; awareness workshops on education, capacity building, monitoring, social mobility and community building, project planning and field implementation.
My enthusiasm to be able to work in the field and to understand the functionality of projects in the field was fulfilled while working with ABES. This was because in the early weeks I was educated on how workshops are hosted in order to build the capacity of local groups and fellow activists. I was able to understand how workshops are designed, venues are chosen, dates planned, recruitment of participants, designation of facilitators and also how the logistics are organized and the workshop is run. This helped in understanding of how workshops require a lot of hard work, require good facilitators and training.
After gaining considerable understanding of how workshops are organized, planned and equipped for in advance, I was able to visit Muzaffarabad which is the capital of Azad Kashmir and is exquisitelypositioned on the banks of Neelum and Jehlum rivers.To be able to work and gain experience in such a breath taking environment was a fulfilling experience and made the internship even more joyful. I, with my team, was tasked to indulge in interaction with the communities ofunion council Danna Kachili, District Muzaffarabad, especially women, to sensitize them on enrolling Out of School children to schools.We were separated into various groups with various tasks. My group had the responsibility of attracting and gathering participants for the three day workshop our team was organizing on creating awareness of education, especially among the women/mothers, so they were encouraged to enroll their children into schools. We were tasked to visit various homes in the area to promote our workshop and encourage them to participate in it. This was a very interesting experience as it required a lot of interaction with different kind of people and families who were willing to be a part of the workshop and also those who did not show interest.
The topics on each day of the workshop were different yet interrelated. The first day of the workshop, the topic was of an extensive type and there was general discussion over how education is important for all. We were able to interact with the women at a personal and anindividual level due the informal layout of the workshop as it made the women feel more comfortable in communicating. The topic of the second day was Gender and Education; the women were encouraged to bring their children along with them and we sat around with the participants and were able to discuss the reasons and issues due to which their children were not enrolled in schools. The turnover of the second day was better than the first since it gave us insight to the various major issues they were facing, such as cultural hindrances, unemployment issues and poverty.The third day of the workshop was about asking about problems and providing solutions to them. We shared our plan with them to work with the government to provide the children with various school provisions such as books, stationery and lunch arrangements as this will take the burden of these expenses off their shoulders leaving behind just the tuition fee. The participants were also advised that to be able to overcome cultural hindrances, families should enroll their daughters into schools, hence, empowering them and providing them with the confidence to compete with various kinds of cultural problems they were facing. At the end of the workshop, the participants were also asked to fill in questionnaires in order to assess the attitude change amongst them about enrolling their children into schools.
The second major task that I was entrusted with was to devise school specific plans with the School Management Committees to chart out Alternative Learning Options for such children. This task involved capacity building and the role of community’s education management. We visited the F-7 KachiAbaadi, Islamabad, and interviewed specifically the women to understand their perspective on what they thought over the issue of enrolling out of school children. They were also provided with visual presentations that helped them enhance their understanding of the importance of education.
As an intern at ABES, I also got the opportunity to attend a very informing conference Sahilheld at Dreamland Hotel on the issue of Child Protection. It discussed on various beneficial aspects that helped understand how the environments of schools can be made friendlier with reference to several features of child protection.
During this internship, I was also able to enhance my technical skills as I was able to learn how the Planning Tool was used for the management of various Projects. In addition to this, I was able to learn how the organization planned its various activities in advance on Microsoft Excel.
Critical Reflections:
Working with ABES, I was provided with the experience that I was targeting for.Studying Social Sciences and majoring in Development Studies,I was very enthusiastic to work in the field in order to gain exposure which gives me the knowledge and an understanding that will help me combine my formal education with real work expertise; and ABES enabled me to make that happen. During my internship, I was able to effortlessly relate theoretical perspectives in the field such as the concept of community mobilization, capacity building and spreading awareness; I practically saw in what manner people at the community level are mobilized by development practitioners. I was able to participate in the process and also participate and interact with these people and also learn from them. The workshop and the topics discussed in the workshop enlightened me and helped me connect what we learned in the courses of Women Empowerment, Development Project: Planning and Implementation and Community Development.
As I worked with my team in the field, it helped me realize that when one is able to connect their formal academic education with real work experience, it gives a sense of completion to one’s education. This is because it helps to connect what one learns in theory and then uses it as a guide in the field. This was the most important improvement and accomplishment for me which I gained during this internship.
Learning Outcomes
My internship at ABES helped me build my confidence and self-esteem at the professional level. It helped me learn how various challenges can be countered and how due to these challenges I was able to grow career wise. I was finally able to understand how theory is converted to practical implementation and how success stories are able to emerge from this procedure.
Over the years of my undergraduate education, I learned how various projects in the development sector are planned, organized and prepared for implementation. While working with ABES, I was able to be a part of the practical implementation of one of its projects. The experience in Muzaffarabad was a great learning turn for me and the experience of working with such qualified specialists will for sure help me more as I will actually become a part of the field and the practical world. This internship also informed me about workplace ethics along with meeting aims and objectives under a certain time limit. Hence, my internship experience helped me broaden my understanding of professional work environment.
Conclusion
Internships provide us with the opportunity to broaden our understanding of our fields and its functioning in the practical world. This report explains my internship experience and the details of the tasks that I undertook during the time period of my internship at ABES. Working with an organization with such vast experience also provided me with the experience of working in the field and understanding what it takes to be a true professional. Development Studies as a subject was always intriguing and by applying its theoretical perspectives in the field during this internship, my vigor and enthusiasm to work in the field has worked in my favor and has provided me the ability to groom myself according to the prerequisites of my field and also polish my skills to be able to perform well and have a successful future.


Wednesday, 16 September 2015

BREAKING: Spain-bound plane declares EMERGENCY over UK


The plane was bound for Menorca, Spain, but has abandoned its journey and is instead heading back to Manchester.
It should be landing there in the next few minutes.
The jet is currently in a holding pattern over the West Midlands as it waits for a slot to land.
The aircraft is understood to have a problem with a stabiliser.
It originally made a mayday call to the ground, which are usually reserved for life-threatening situations.
It is understood that this has now been downgraded to a pan-pan call, which, while still serious, normally means the crew require assistance from the ground. 
The news comes just days on from a British Airways jet being met by fire crews at Heathrow Airport after the pilot.

Tuesday, 18 August 2015

Forms & Types of Advertising Classification

Product advertising:
Product advertising is basically carried out for a presentation and promotion of new products or existing products and revised products, this is also called as BRAND or National Advertising.
For Example:-
1.       Mobilink
2.       Ufone
3.       Q mobile
4.       Nat foods
5.       Naqshenoor

Retail Advertising (Local Advertising)
In The retail advertising, The advertising is focuses on the stores, where a variety of products can be purchased, where is service is offered. Retail advertising emphasizes on the price availability, location and hours of operation. This is carried to a distinctive image of the retailer or to increase the store’s traffic.
Corporate Advertising
Corporate advertising basically focuses on the establishing of a corporations identity, or winning the public over organizations point of view. This is designed to create a favorable image for a company and its products.
B2B Advertising
In the B2B Advertising it is directed to industrial user such as tires to automobile manufacturer, reseller that is whole seller and retailers.
Political Advertisements
In the political advertisements this is often used by politicians to persuade people to vote for them.
For example:-
1.       PML(N)
2.       PPP
3.       PTI
4.       MQM
5.       APML
6.       CONSERVATIVES

Directory Advertisements
There are four types of directories.
1.       Numbers
2.       Addresses
3.       Specific trade/ members
Directories contain names, addresses, of individuals or businesses. People refer to directory advertising to find out how to buy a product or service.
For example: - yellow pages.
Directory Advertising is unique in that the user is generally ready to buy the product or service when directory is consulted.
Direct Response Advertising
In Direct Response Advertising involves two way of communication between advertiser and target audience it can use any medium to newspaper, magazine, online etc_
And consumer can respond to mail telephone for example:-
1.       Tool free numbers
2.       0800 numbers
3.       Coupons
4.       Click here text on banners

Public Service Advertisements It is specifically designed to operate publics interests  and to promote public welfare.
For Example:-
1.       Police van
2.       Wear Helmet
3.       No Smoking.
These advertisements are created free of charge by professionals; space and time are donated by media.

Advocacy Advertisements
This type of Advertisements is concerned with the propagation of ideas  and clarification of controversial social issues.
For Example:-

1.       Conserving Wild Life         

What is Advertising ?

What is Advertising ?
Advertising is a paid form of non personal communication by an identifies sponsor using media(ATL & BTL)  in order to persuade target market.
Forms & Types of Advertising Classification
Product advertising:
Product advertising is basically carried out for a presentation and promotion of new products or existing products and revised products, this is also called as BRAND or National Advertising.
For Example:-
1.       Mobilink
2.       Ufone
3.       Q mobile
4.       Nat foods
5.       Naqshenoor

Retail Advertising (Local Advertising)
In The retail advertising, The advertising is focuses on the stores, where a variety of products can be purchased, where is service is offered. Retail advertising emphasizes on the price availability, location and hours of operation. This is carried to a distinctive image of the retailer or to increase the store’s traffic.
Corporate Advertising
Corporate advertising basically focuses on the establishing of a corporations identity, or winning the public over organizations point of view. This is designed to create a favorable image for a company and its products.
B2B Advertising
In the B2B Advertising it is directed to industrial user such as tires to automobile manufacturer, reseller that is whole seller and retailers.
Political Advertisements
In the political advertisements this is often used by politicians to persuade people to vote for them.
For example:-
1.       PML(N)
2.       PPP
3.       PTI
4.       MQM
5.       APML
6.       CONSERVATIVES

Directory Advertisements
There are four types of directories.
1.       Numbers
2.       Addresses
3.       Specific trade/ members
Directories contain names, addresses, of individuals or businesses. People refer to directory advertising to find out how to buy a product or service.
For example: - yellow pages.
Directory Advertising is unique in that the user is generally ready to buy the product or service when directory is consulted.
Direct Response Advertising
In Direct Response Advertising involves two way of communication between advertiser and target audience it can use any medium to newspaper, magazine, online etc_
And consumer can respond to mail telephone for example:-
1.       Tool free numbers
2.       0800 numbers
3.       Coupons
4.       Click here text on banners

Public Service Advertisements It is specifically designed to operate publics interests  and to promote public welfare.
For Example:-
1.       Police van
2.       Wear Helmet
3.       No Smoking.
These advertisements are created free of charge by professionals; space and time are donated by media.

Advocacy Advertisements
This type of Advertisements is concerned with the propagation of ideas  and clarification of controversial social issues.
For Example:-

1.       Conserving Wild Life         

Monday, 26 January 2015

"Mahseer" Now considered endangered in Pakistan

National Fish of Pakistan is "Mahseer" The King of 

Himalayan Fishes, one of the larger specie that have 

suffered severe decline, and are now considered threatened 

due to pollution, habitat loss and overfishing.





Friday, 23 January 2015

Man from India Claims He’s 179 Years Old

 A retired cobbler from northern India, Mahashta Mûrasi, claims he was born in January 1835, making him not only the oldest man on earth, but the oldest to have ever lived human in this world,  according to the Guiness World Records.


According to indian officials, the man was born at home in the city of Bangalore on January 6th 1835, and is recorded to have lived in Vârânasî since 1903. He worked as a cobbler in the city until 1957, when he retired at the already venerable age of 122.
“I have been alive so long, that my great grand-children have been dead for years” explains Mr Mûrasi. “Somehow death forgot about me… And now there’s hardly any hope left. Look at the statistics, nobody dies past 150, even less at 170. At that point, I guess I’m immortal or something. I might as well enjoy it!”
The man’s birth certificate and identity cards all seem to confirm his version, but unfortunately no medical examination can confirm his saying for now.  The last doctor Mister Mûrasi visited died in 1971, so there is little information available about his previous medical files.

Saturday, 10 January 2015

Pakistan: Running out of Scorpions & Tarantula


Some of the people in Pakistan started reporting on the shortage of scorpion, during on of the survey in Thata region guy name M said 12 months back in this area you will easily find scorpions any where even some time you can see them in your drive way, he said now picture is totally changed, now you will not find scorpion after hours of hunting now it’s up to your luck.


Sadly now if you look at the private auction sites you will see bundles of ads for black scorpions, and people are posting adds that they want scorpions of weighing 40-100grams at any cost. Higher the prices bid for scorpions and then more shortage of scorpions from the jungles,  according to our very reliable source hunters are hunting full nights in the search of scorpions and they don’t even leave small scorpions and while in the search of scorpions they also found some endangered lizards, frog, or tarantulas spiders. More over this hunting is actually destroying eco-system, some animals depend on this species they eat them because of hunting these animals other animals are also dying or migrating the areas. 

Level # 1 Venom Scorpions List

Level one scorpion are very common and people love to keep them at home, and level 1 scorpions are very good to keep because of many benefits, such as they are not deadly to humans. If you got stung there will be no symptoms.

Here is a list of all level 1 scorpions with pictures.






1.       Hadogenes paucidens













2.       Hadogenes troglodytes












3.       Heterometrus beccaloniae








4.       Heterometrus longimanus










5.       Heterometrus madraspatensis







6.       Heterometrus mysorensis






7.       Heterometrus spinifer








8.       Heterometrus swammerdami











9.       Heterometrus swammerdami





10.   Mastigoproctus giganteus






11.   pandinus cavimanus








12.   pandinus imperator

Thursday, 8 January 2015

Why China Destroying Nature & Wildlife



Abstract
China is one of the old civilization and interesting history and also the one of biggest country in Asia with strong resources. If we look at the bigger picture around the world whenever shortage created anywhere or monopoly, always china is at the back, if we talk about the manufacturing of 1-3rd class material we will also find china at top, if we say about cheap labor, of copying of technology china is among them.


Trade of rhino horns cause some much trouble in the Africa, hunter’s hunted rhino day and night for the sake of rhino’s horns. Black market was at the peak what I am trying to tell you is that who was at the back of  this ?The highest prices were being offered for the rhino horns which caused reduction of animal, the illegal collection of rhino horns was because of the highest prices was paid by china. Or china black market.

Shark fins, same scene happened with the hunting of sharks for the shark fins in the East Asian Country.

Scorpion Venom, If we take a look in to the china’s history, Scorpion venom was very important part of the medicine in ancient time of china, vestiges use have remained till now, The country may be responsible for the rise in the price of the, blue, black, yellow, Indian , scorpions in the Pakistan, according to the people of sindh they also informed that they encountered business of scorpions with the china’s buyers. What I am trying to tell you people that this can might be the possibility of scorpions illegal trade. I want you to think out of the box.



The China’s economic power may be causing problems for the scorpion species in Pakistan as it did for the Rhino in Africa and shark fins for east countries.

The Health Benefits of Eating Fish


BY:- Jamil Khaliq
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/Fish.Farming.Revolution

‘’Researchers worldwide have discovered that eating fish regularly - one or two servings weekly - may reduce the risk of diseases ranging from childhood asthma to prostate cancer’’
                
Fish is low in fat, high in protein and an excellent source of omega 3 fatty acids.
Regular consumption of fish can reduce the risk of various diseases and disorders. Selected research findings indicate the following:
Heart disease The British Heart Foundation says eating oily fish can help to reduce the risk of heart disease and improve your chances of survival following a heart attack. Fish does this by lowering levels of fats called triglycerides in the blood - raised levels are associated with heart disease. Fish oils also appear to help reduce blood clotting and abnormal heart rhythms after a heart attack.
Asthma Children who eat fish may be less likely to develop asthma.
Brain and eyes Fish rich in omega 3 fatty acids can contribute to the health of brain tissue and the retina (the light sensitive tissue lining the inner surface of the eye).
Cancer The omega 3 fatty acids in fish may reduce the risk of many types of cancers by 30 to 50 per cent, especially of the oral cavity, esophagus, colon, breast, ovary and prostate.
Cardiovascular disease Eating fish every week reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke by reducing blood clots and inflammation, improving blood vessel elasticity, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood fats and boosting 'good' cholesterol.
Dementia Elderly people who eat fish or seafood at least once a week may have a lower risk of developing dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.
Depression People who regularly eat fish have a lower incidence of depression (depression is linked to low levels of omega 3 fatty acids in the brain).
Diabetes Fish may help people with diabetes manage their blood sugar levels.
Eyesight Breastfed babies of mothers who eat fish have better eyesight, perhaps due to the omega 3 fatty acids transmitted in breast milk.
Inflammatory conditions Regular fish consumption may relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and autoimmune disease.
Prematurity Eating fish during pregnancy may help reduce the risk of delivering a premature baby.
"Healthy ways to enjoy fish include baked, poached, grilled and steamed forms"


Population Growth of Islamabad The capital


The Capital

Islamabad is one of the most beautiful of capital in the world and most attractive city in Pakistan, mountains and tourist spots made this place heaven. People from all over the Pakistan come daily to visit the city.  Islamabad is fully owned by the capital development authority, who keeps the city clean and well, residential sectors in Islamabad are fully planned, and everything is available in them.

Growth of Population

In The capital city of Pakistan “Islamabad” is also the ninth largest city in the country. The population of the city has grown from 100,000 in 1951 to 1.30 million in 2012. Since, Islamabad has attracted people from all over Pakistan, making it one of the most cosmopolitan, tourist spot and urbanized cities of Pakistan and center of Economic and service activities which attract people from all over the country.


Rawalpindi

Rawalpindi is in the Adjacent to the Southern edge of Islamabad. It is situated in the North Eastern part of the Potohar Plateau in North Punjab. Being Headquarter of Rawalpindi Division and a close neighbor of the Federal Capital, Islamabad, if we see the population of Rawalpindi City it’s increasing and also rapidly increased over the years. And expected to increase with the 4% annually.

Twin Cities

Well, I would like to add one more thing Islamabad and Rawalpindi is also known as twin cities because they are connected to each other, and half of the Rawalpindi population come daily in Islamabad for the jobs and business activities.

Analysis of Twin Cities

The capital Islamabad and Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area is the third largest conurbation in Pakistan with a population of over 4.5 million inhabitants. And if we look at the population, Twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi are growing rapidly at a rate of more than 4% percent annually, indicating a higher than national growth means reason behind this is due to significant ratio of migration. With present growth trends it is expected that the population would increase to 7.0 million approximately in twenty years’ time period for sure.


Wednesday, 7 January 2015

Truth: Scorpions Don’t Cure Cancer

There is only one well-known treatment for cancer which uses scorpion venom in a little amount, and it’s in an experimental phase not completed yet. And it is also in a very controversial phase. It’s not even launched yet, so if people says that we are doing for this purpose then they are definitely wrong.

My point of view about this picture is that there is bigger black market games is going on at back stage, and one thing is for sure, this game will not end up well for Eco system.

Death stalker scorpion, commonly known as yellow scorpion is being used by jim olson’s research, but he gets venom from medical facilities legally, not from social media platforms, or from olx, or EBay.

‘’The capturing of yellow scorpion in Pakistan region of sindh especially in Thata district has nothing to do with the research of olson.’’

Abstract
Very common or lame explanation from the buyer or brokers of black market dealer in Pakistan or all over the world, that we buy scorpions in order to make medicines for the cancer patients, and somehow we believe them reason is lack of knowledge. And all those illegal investors who are now actually buyers and taking huge number of scorpions from jungles and in return these people are not afraid of general public in reality we call them to come and pick up scorpions, main reason is we are not honest with God that’s why we are ready to destroy his beautiful nature or creatures which makes this world more beautiful. We humans are actually killer of nature, we do everything we could to destroy the beauty of nature, but nature take revenge in the shape of terrorism, earth quake, floods,  and still we are so much dumb and don’t realize that why this all happening to us. We must need to check our self before pointing finger on other people.
Reason for grooming of scorpion business

Greediness, yes we greedy!

Tips : Keeping Scorpions at home


Care tips
  1. Keep tropical species (i.e. Heterometrus sp., Pandinus sp., Liocheles sp.) warm and moist, with a relative humidity of about 80%, at a temperature of about 86 Fahrenheit/30* Celsius. The preferred substrate for these species is cocopeat, or anything similarly water-retaining. Always make sure that the water dish is filled and clean.
  2. Arid species (i.e. Hottentotta sp., Parabuthus sp., Androctonus sp.) are best kept at similar temperatures (86 F/30* C), but with a substrate consisting of dry sand. Look at the last answer of the FAQ for information concerning humidity requirements. A trick to give arid burrowers the opportunity to display their natural behavior, is to moisten the sand with a lot of water, press it down firmly, and then let it dry out completely, before you put in the scorpion.
  3. Bark scorpions (Rhopalurus junceus, Centruroides sp.) ought to be kept like tropical species, the only difference being that one should provide vertically stacked pieces of bark or rock (make sure these pieces can't shift and crush your critter). Another difference is that the required relative humidity is about 70% with these species (however, there are some exceptions).
  4. Last but not least: always does your research before you buy! Make sure that you are informed before you acquire a scorpion. These care tips are just a guideline. Many species need slight adjustments to this general care in order to thrive